The inclusion criteria were male patients with symptoms of moderate bladder outlet obstruction, based on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) system (IPSS score=8-19). This prospective observational study was conducted between January and December 2019. With this background in mind, this study aimed to assess the accuracy of PVR volume measurements in patients with moderate bladder outlet obstruction. Therefore, its application in clinical practice has been limited, and bladder ultrasounds must be interpreted cautiously. However, this assessment is often inconvenient for patients and results in PVR volume variations after repeated measurements.
#ABNORMAL POST VOID RESIDUAL VOLUME FULL#
In this type of assessment, patients are required to drink large amounts of fluids so that they have a full bladder and feel a strong desire to void. In routine clinical practice, PVR volume is usually measured during a comprehensive assessment of the urinary tract. The accuracy of PVR measurement using transabdominal ultrasound has been demonstrated in many studies. The assessment of residual urine volume provides a clinical diagnostic tool to evaluate many urological problems, including BPH and BOO. Post-void residual (PVR) volume is defined as the urine volume (mL) left in the bladder at the end of micturition. Moreover, it plays a critical role in the initial diagnosis of bladder diseases, indicating the need for further investigations, follow-ups, and surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). It has many advantages in clinical practice, as it is an informative, reliable, non-invasive, sensitive, cost-effective, and available technique, which is simple to learn and interpret. It is an imaging modality, which facilitates real-time assessment of many body organs. Ultrasonography is routinely used in urological outpatient clinics, with a high accuracy rate (96%) if performed by a well-trained urologist. Post-void Residual Urine Bladder Ultrasound Also, it is suggested to conduct similar studies in different conditions to confirm our findings. We recommend a second PVR measurement in patients with bladder outlet obstruction. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference between groups II and III in the three PVR measurements (P=0.204, 0.56, and 0.487 for the first, second, and third PVR measurements, respectively).Ĭonclusion: A bladder ultrasound must be performed and interpreted carefully to avoid further unnecessary medications, investigations, or procedures. On the other hand, significant differences were found between groups I and II and between groups I and III (P<0.05) in the three PVR measurements. However, no significant difference was found between the second and third PVR measurements (P=0.107). Significant differences were found between the first and second PVR measurements and between the first and third PVR measurements (P<0.05). The mean PVR volume was 92 mL in the first measurement, 62 mL in the second measurement, and 60 mL in the third measurement. Results: A total of 78 male patients, with the mean age of 60 years, were included in this study (27 cases in group I 37 cases in group II and 14 cases in group III). Assessment of per-void capacity was carried out, based on the patient’s subjective sensation of bladder fullness (a strong desire to void). Pre-void bladder capacity was measured, followed by a post-void ultrasound for residual urine volume measurement at three intervals: immediately after voiding, 15-20 min after the first void, and one week later with an empty bladder. The patients were asked to drink 1000 mL of water one to two hours before the initial ultrasound scan. On the other hand, patients with a history of diabetes, symptoms of urinary tract infection, and positive urine for pyuria, as well as patients using medications, such as diuretics, alpha-blockers, and anticholinergic drugs, were excluded. The inclusion criteria were male patients with symptoms of moderate bladder outlet obstruction. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted between January and December 2019. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of post-void residual (PVR) urine volume measurements in patients with moderate bladder outlet obstruction.
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